As the years go by, something happens almost invisibly in the human body: the muscles start to lose mass and strength. This condition has a name – sarcopenia – and affects millions of people around the world, especially from the age of 60. But there’s a lot you can do to stop it and even reverse it. And it all starts with getting to know it better. Key points of the article Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, more common after the age of 60 It can affect mobility, balance and the ability to perform everyday tasks Sedentary lifestyles, poor diet and chronic diseases are factors that contribute to its development It is possible to halt or even reverse sarcopenia with regular exercise and a high-protein diet Supplements such as whey protein, vitamin D or creatine can be useful in some cases Maintaining an active lifestyle is the best way to prevent this condition and preserve autonomy over the years. What is sarcopenia? It is a progressive disease characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength and physical performance. Although it is more common in people over the age of 60, the process begins much earlier: around the age of 30 or 40, the body is already slowly starting to lose muscle. From the age of 65, this loss tends to accelerate. In practice, what happens is that your muscles get smaller and weaker. And this doesn’t just mean that you lose the strength to open a bottle or carry shopping bags. Sarcopenia affects mobility, balance and the ability to perform basic everyday tasks such as getting up from a chair, climbing stairs or walking safely. What are the symptoms? The signs of sarcopenia directly affect a person’s autonomy and can lead to loss of independence and, in more serious cases, the risk of falls, fractures and hospitalization. They can appear discreetly, but become increasingly evident over time. The most common include: Constant muscle weakness Faster tiredness during normal activities Difficulty climbing stairs or getting up from a chair Slower gait and less physical endurance Loss of balance and frequent falls Visible reduction in muscle volume, especially in the arms and legs. What causes sarcopenia? Aging is the main culprit, but not the only one. Several factors contribute to the development of sarcopenia: Sedentary lifestyle: lack of physical activity is one of the biggest allies of muscle loss Poor diet: a diet low in protein and essential nutrients weakens muscles Chronic diseases: such as diabetes, kidney failure, arthritis, cancer or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) Chronic inflammation: the body in “constant alert mode” can degrade muscle tissue Hormonal changes: such as a drop in testosterone or growth hormone Obesity: especially when associated with sarcopenia (sarcopenic obesity), can aggravate the condition Immobilization: being bedridden for prolonged periods, even due to illness or recovery. How is it diagnosed? There is no single test to diagnose sarcopenia. Usually, symptoms are assessed using a simple questionnaire called the SARC-F, which measures how difficult it is to make basic everyday movements (getting up, walking, climbing stairs, etc.). Tests can then be carried out such as: Grip strength (measured with a hand-held dynamometer) Chair test (to see how many times the person can stand up without using their arms) Gait test (assessing walking speed) Body composition analyses, such as DEXA or BIA, which measure the amount of muscle in the body. What is the treatment for sarcopenia? The good news is that sarcopenia can be treated and even reversed, especially if it is detected in the early stages. The main strategies are simple lifestyle changes: 1. movement is essential Physical exercise is the most powerful weapon against sarcopenia. Ideally, you should do strength training (such as lifting weights, using elastic bands, doing squats) as well as aerobic exercise such as walking. Two to four sessions a week can make a difference. 2. Eating well is just as important as moving A balanced diet rich in quality proteins (meat, fish, eggs, legumes, dairy products) is essential for rebuilding and maintaining muscles. Over the years, the body needs more protein for the same effect, so it’s worth increasing your intake. 3. Supplements can help In some cases, it can be beneficial to include supplements such as: Whey protein Leucine (an amino acid that stimulates muscle synthesis) Vitamin D (especially if there is a deficit) Creatine (to increase strength and energy) Omega-3 (helps reduce inflammation) Collagen and magnesium, to support muscle tissue and joints. But beware: supplements should always be used under the guidance of a health professional. Sarcopenia or muscle atrophy: what’s the difference? Muscle atrophy is a more general term and means the loss of muscle mass for various reasons, which can happen at any age. Sarcopenia is a specific form of muscle atrophy associated with ageing and a decline in muscle function. How can sarcopenia be prevented? It is possible to grow old with strength, mobility and independence, and it all starts with small gestures in everyday life. Keeping your muscles active and well-nourished makes all the difference. A longitudinal study published in the journal Ageing International in 2025 analyzed data from the UK Biobank and concluded that regular moderate to vigorous physical activity significantly reduces the risk of developing sarcopenia in middle-aged adults. The study highlights that only light-intensity activities do not have the same protective effect. So here are some practical tips: Get moving every day, even if it’s just walking Do strength training adapted to age and physical condition Eat a diet rich in protein and nutrients Avoiding tobacco and alcohol in excess Sleep well and keep well hydrated See your doctor regularly. If sarcopenia or another health condition makes it difficult for you to get to appointments, exams or treatments, you ‘re not alone. Ambula offers a transportation service for non-emergency patients, with comfort, safety and support tailored to your needs. A simple and safe way to continue taking care of your health, even when your mobility

When Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), he was told he would only have a few years to live. He lived more than 50. ALS, as it is also known, is a rare degenerative disease that affects the muscles and gradually takes away the ability to walk, talk, swallow or breathe. Join us to learn a little more about this condition. Key points of the article ALS (or ALS) is a rare and progressive degenerative neurological disease that affects the muscles and impairs functions such as walking, speaking or breathing Symptoms appear gradually and vary, but include muscle weakness, speech and swallowing difficulties, among others There is still no cure, but there are treatments that help slow down progression and improve quality of life Diagnosis is clinical and requires the exclusion of other diseases. Family support and monitoring by multidisciplinary teams are fundamental throughout the process Scientific research has seen promising advances, such as new genetic and immunological therapies and communication support technologies. What is ALS? It is a degenerative neurological disease that affects motor neurons, which are the nerve cells responsible for sending messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles. When these neurons stop working, the muscles lose their ability to contract properly and begin to weaken. Over time, functions as simple as walking, talking, swallowing or breathing become increasingly difficult. This is why ALS is considered a progressive degenerative disease; it worsens over time and increasingly affects a person’s autonomy. Difference between ALS and ALS ALS and ALS are, in practice, the same thing. The acronym ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is more commonly used internationally. In Portugal, the most common term is ALS – Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Both refer to the same neurological condition. Causes of ALS The truth is that we still don’t know for sure what causes ALS. In most cases, the disease appears without warning and without a family history. Only around 5 to 10% of cases have a genetic origin. Possible links with environmental factors such as exposure to toxins, smoking or even military service are being studied, but so far there is no clear explanation or identifiable cause in most cases. We know that it is more common in men, generally from the age of 60, and that its progression varies greatly from person to person. It is also estimated that there is a prevalence of three to five cases per 100,000 people. What are the first symptoms of ALS? The symptoms of ALS can begin subtly, but gain strength over time. The first signs usually appear in the hands, legs or speech. Although most people keep their mental abilities intact, some patients also develop associated forms of dementia. Some of the most common symptoms: Muscle weakness in the legs or arms Difficulty walking, holding objects or writing Muscle atrophy (muscles decreasing in volume) Frequent spasms and cramps Slurred speech or difficulty articulating words Difficulty swallowing Increased saliva Extreme tiredness Emotional or cognitive changes (in some cases). How can ALS be diagnosed? The diagnosis of ALS is clinical, which means that it depends on the assessment of symptoms and the exclusion of other diseases. There is no single test that confirms ALS immediately. Usually, the neurologist performs: Detailed neurological examination Electromyography (to analyze the electrical activity of the muscles) Magnetic resonance imaging Blood and urine tests Muscle or nerve biopsies, in some cases. Unfortunately, the whole process can take time, which delays the start of support treatments. Is ALS curable? What is the treatment? So far, ALS has no cure, but there is medication that can help slow down the progression of the disease and preserve some functions for longer. The results vary from person to person, but the goal is always to provide comfort, relieve symptoms and maintain autonomy as much as possible. Treatment requires an integrated and multidisciplinary approach, which may involve: Physiotherapy and occupational therapy Speech therapy Nutritional support (and in many cases tube feeding) Non-invasive ventilation, when breathing is compromised Equipment to support mobility and communication. Throughout the process, it is essential to have a specialized team: doctors, physiotherapists, speech therapists, nutritionists, psychologists, caregivers and other professionals who help adjust the care plan to each person’s needs. Although there is still no cure, scientific research has made great strides. In 2023, the first treatment targeting a genetic mutation associated with ALS – the SOD1 gene – a hereditary form of the disease, was approved in the USA, representing a milestone in personalized medicine(Mass General Brigham). Innovative approaches are also being studied, such as immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, which could help slow down the progression of the disease(OHSU). Another notable advance was in the field of assistive technology: an experimental brain implant allowed an ALS patient to regain the ability to communicate via a brain-computer interface, reaching a speed of up to 32 words per minute(Reuters). What is the life expectancy of people with ALS? The average life expectancy after diagnosis varies between two and five years, although there are exceptions. Physicist Stephen Hawking, for example, lived with the disease for decades. It all depends on the speed of progression and the areas of the body initially affected. The bulbar form, which immediately affects speech and swallowing, tends to progress more quickly. Respiratory failure is the main cause of death in the most advanced cases. That’s why investing in supportive treatment early on can make a big difference to the quality and length of life of people with ALS. Living with ALS: the role of family and caregivers Receiving a diagnosis of ALS is a difficult time, both for the patient and for those around them. It is a disease with a profound impact, which requires constant adaptation and ongoing support. Family caregivers become key players in the patient’s life. They are often the ones who ensure daily care, help with basic tasks and provide emotional support. It is essential that caregivers also have support. Help groups, psychological support and scheduled rest are

Being ill, whether for a simple or more serious reason, is never easy. In a situation of fragility, the least anyone deserves is to be treated with respect, empathy and dignity. In Portugal, fortunately, patients’ rights are well defined and protected by law, but they are not always known by those who need them most. What are patients’ rights in Portugal? These rights are provided for in Law no. 15/2014, the Basic Health Law, the Charter of the Rights of the Hospitalized Patient, among other pieces of legislation. Here are the main ones, in simple format: Right to dignity, respect and non-discrimination The right to adequate, timely and quality health care Right to clear, objective and accessible information on health status Right to accept or refuse examinations, treatments or interventions The right to a second medical opinion Right to spiritual and religious assistance Right to be accompanied by a family member or nominated person Right to privacy in all clinical acts Right to confidentiality of clinical and personal data Right of access to medical records The right to submit suggestions, complaints or denunciations Right to continuity of care after hospital discharge Right to individual freedom, with legal exceptions. The Patients’ Bill of Rights: what is it? The famous Charter of Patients’ Rights, approved by the Ministry of Health, brings together a set of principles that guarantee that every person is respected as a user of the health system. Many of these rights are enshrined in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, in the Basic Law on Health, and in international documents such as the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. You can consult the version published by the Portuguese Medical Association or on the SNS24 website. Right of access to clinical information and data protection Being hospitalized can be distressing and, for this reason, the rights of hospitalized patients include special care: Facilities adapted to patient comfort and well-being Right to privacy and tranquillity, including during hygiene care or rest Clear information about hospital services (meals, visits, spiritual support, etc.) Prohibition of discrimination based on age, gender, ethnicity or religion The right to visits, whenever the clinical situation allows. In the case of children, the Charter for Hospitalized Children which guarantees, among other things, the continuous presence of parents. Cancer patients’ rights People diagnosed with cancer face very specific challenges. The rights of cancer patients include: Access to specialized and humanized healthcare Respect for the patient’s emotions, fears and decisions Proper monitoring at all stages of the disease Psychological and social support Possibility of receiving palliative care with comfort and dignity And, in many cases, the right to free transportation to treatments such as consultations, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, especially when the patient is frail or has no means of travel of their own. Rights of the terminally ill patient When a patient is terminally ill, the focus becomes comfort, well-being and respect for their wishes. The rights of the terminally ill patient include: Receive adequate palliative care Be accompanied by whoever you want Control over treatment decisions The right to tranquillity, privacy and a welcoming environment. Informed consent: what it is and when it is mandatory Informed consent is the patient’s right to make a free and informed decision about what is going to be done to them. To do this, they must receive clear, accessible information that is appropriate to their level of understanding. It is mandatory in situations such as: Surgeries and invasive acts Administration of blood or blood derivatives Voluntary termination of pregnancy Prenatal diagnosis with invasive techniques Sterilization or medically assisted procreation Participation in clinical trials or medical research. Note that even after giving consent, the patient can back out at any time. How to file a complaint with the health system Everything doesn’t always go smoothly. There may be mistakes, misunderstandings or situations in which the patient feels disrespected, ignored or mistreated. If this happens to you or someone close to you, don’t be afraid to take action. Complaining is not being annoying. It’s exercising a right. It’s contributing to a fairer, more humane and more efficient health system. Here are the steps you can take calmly and confidently: Talk to the person who attended you first. Sometimes all it takes is a conversation with the healthcare professional or the person in charge of the service to clarify the problem If it doesn’t work, fill in the Complaints Booklet, available in physical format, on site, or online You can also go to the User’s (or Citizen’s) Office at the hospital or health center. They are there to listen to you If the situation is more serious or is not resolved, you can complain directly to the Health Regulatory Authority (ERS) And if you really are facing an unfair situation with serious consequences, you can go to court, with legal support. If you need help or don’t know where to start, you can also call DECO PROTeste which provides consumer support in the health area: 808 780 250 (landline) or 218 418 783. Remember: complaining is also taking care of yourself and others. And everyone deserves to be treated with respect and dignity. Need help getting the care you need? Ambula will help! If you are entitled to non-urgent patient transportation – due to a doctor’s prescription, disability or clinical situation – know that you are not alone: Ambula is to accompany you safely, comfortably and with all the empathy you deserve. Whether for physiotherapy sessions, cancer treatments or hospital appointments, you can count on a reliable, punctual and humane service. Talk to the Ambula team team for more information on how to schedule your transportation. Partilhar:

The doctor explained everything to her calmly, but even so, a feeling of uncertainty remained in the air… Is this really it? Is there another option? If you’ve ever felt this knot in your stomach, you have every right to seek a second opinion. It’s not a lack of trust. It’s not disrespect. It’s care. It’s wanting to make a clear decision about what matters most: your health. After all, what is a second medical opinion? It’s exactly what it sounds like: listening to another doctor. In essence, it’s asking a second specialist to analyze your case, review the diagnosis or treatment proposed and give you their perspective. It could be through a new analysis of the medical history, requests for additional tests or simply a frank and enlightening conversation. The right to a second medical opinion is one of the patient’s fundamental rights and is provided for in the Charter of the Rights and Duties of the Patient, which means that anyone can and should use it whenever they feel the need. When to ask for a second medical opinion? The truth is that there is no “right” time for everyone. But there are situations where this step can make all the difference: The diagnosis was unclear or seemed uncertain You have a serious, rare or terminal illness You have several treatment options and you don’t know which one to follow Not responding to current treatment Feels they weren’t listened to at the first appointment The treatment proposal seems too invasive, experimental or risky The doctor is not a specialist in your specific condition Or simply… you still have doubts. There are also cases in which the doctor himself may suggest seeking another opinion and this should be seen as a sign of professionalism, not a cause for concern. How do I ask for a second medical opinion? First of all, take a deep breath: you’re not offending anyone by wanting to confirm a diagnosis. It’s your body, your health, your decision. Here are some steps that can help: Speak openly with your doctor. Tell them you’re thinking of getting another opinion so that you feel more secure. Many doctors understand and will even help you Collect all medical documentation. Exams, analyses, clinical reports, prescriptions – everything can be useful. If you don’t have these documents, ask the clinic or hospital for them. This is another patient right, guaranteed by law – you have the right to access your clinical information whenever you need it Choose the second specialist well. You can ask your family doctor for recommendations, your health insurance (many include this cover), go to specialized clinics or even turn to patient associations In the new consultation, be clear. Explain that you’re looking for a second opinion. At first, you can even choose not to share the first assessment straight away, to ensure an unbiased view. Then, with everything on the table, compare the opinions. What to ask at the consultation? Be prepared. Having a list of questions will help you not to forget anything important. And remember: there are no “dumb” questions when it comes to your health. Some questions you can ask: What exactly is my diagnosis? Are there other treatment options? What are the risks and benefits of each? What happens if I don’t do anything now? Would I recommend the same treatment to someone in my family? What if opinions differ? How do you decide? And when doctors don’t say the same? It happens more often than you think and can be disconcerting. The important thing is to stay calm and look at both opinions critically. Here are some tips to help you make your decision: Compare the arguments: which opinion do you think is better founded? Did the doctor explain the reasons clearly? Evaluate the degree of trust: with whom did you feel most comfortable and well-informed? A relationship of trust counts for a lot! Consult additional sources: you can read about the topic on credible health websites, talk to patient associations or even seek a third opinion Talk to both professionals: share your differing opinions and see if one of them re-evaluates their opinion. Sometimes this dialog can lead to a consensus. In the end, the most important thing is to feel safe and well-informed in order to make the best decision for you What if you have to go abroad? If you have a rare or serious illness, or if you need treatments that don’t exist in Portugal, you can ask for a second international medical opinion. Many health insurances already offer this possibility, including support for travel and subsistence costs. So check what your plan covers – it could open important doors. Need support to get to your appointment? Count on Ambula! If you are planning to ask for a second medical opinion and need help getting around comfortably and safely, Ambula is ready to accompany you throughout the process. Because taking care of your health also means making sure you get where you need to go, with peace of mind. Partilhar:

Caring for someone who is bedridden is a profound gesture of love and dedication that requires patience, empathy and attention to detail. Whether for reasons of age, recovery from surgery or an accident, the process of helping the person out of bed can be one of the biggest challenges for the caregiver. On the other hand, it’s also an opportunity to show care, respect and ensure that the person feels calm and comfortable. In this article, we’ll guide you through simple and safe steps, so that the process of lifting a bedridden person is as easy and comfortable as possible for both of you. How to lift a bedridden person: step by step Preparing the environment Before you start, it’s important to prepare the space. Place a wheelchair or armchair next to the bed and make sure it is secure. If it’s a wheelchair, lock the wheels to prevent it from moving during the process. If it’s not a wheelchair, simply lean the armchair or chair against a solid piece of furniture or wall. Position the person on the edge of the bed With the person still lying down, start by gently pulling them to the edge of the bed. Take your time, as the aim is to move the person calmly and avoid any discomfort. Place an arm under their body, at about shoulder height, to help them slide in a controlled and unhurried manner. Support your back and prepare to sit down Support the person’s back with one arm and hold their armpit with the other, helping them to sit up in bed. Remember to bend your knees and keep your back straight to avoid injury. Lift the person gently, pushing with your legs, until they are sitting upright but comfortable. Position your legs Now that the person is sitting up, pull their knees off the bed, letting their legs dangle over the edge. This movement helps stabilize the person and prepares them to be safely transferred to the armchair or wheelchair. Get the person out of bed With the legs already positioned on the edge of the bed, gently move the person off the bed until their feet touch the floor. If necessary, adjust their position to ensure they remain balanced before proceeding. Hug and lift with care Wrap your arms around the person underneath, supporting them firmly. With your other hand, grab the back of their clothes, such as the hem of their pants. If the person is able, ask them to hold onto your neck, which helps to provide stability. Remember: keep your back straight and use your legs to lift the person gently and safely. This movement is essential to avoid overloading the spine. Transfer to the chair When the person is standing or almost standing, turn their body to direct them towards the wheelchair or armchair. Bend down and calmly position them on the seat. Adjust their position, making sure they are comfortable and secure, passing their arms over the back of the chair for greater stability. Additional tips for lifting bedridden people Regular movement. If possible, move the person every two hours to avoid complications such as bedsores (pressure ulcers), and improve blood circulation. Even if the patient is unable to move on their own, it can help to turn the person onto their side or into a sitting position Use support equipment. The use of specialized equipment can greatly ease the physical strain on the caregiver. Beds that can be raised or adjusted make it easier to move around while providing additional comfort for both the caregiver and the patient Keep your posture correct. Posture is key to avoiding injuries. When lifting the bedridden person, bend your knees and use your legs for strength, not your spine. In this way, the movement is made more efficiently and without overloading the body. Communication with the patient. It’s important to communicate with the bedridden person throughout the process. Always ask how they feel and if they are comfortable while moving. It seems like a small gesture, but it helps build confidence and makes the process less stressful Keep the environment safe. Before you start, make sure the environment is safe and organized. Remove any objects that might get in the way, such as loose rugs or out-of-place furniture. An obstacle-free space makes all the difference in preventing falls and ensuring safety for both of you How to clean bedridden people: tips Prepare the environment in advance. Gather all the necessary materials (towels, hygiene products, disposable gloves, clean clothes, sheets, etc.). Make sure the environment is warm and comfortable for the person Maintain privacy and respect. Cover the person with towels or sheets to ensure their privacy. Always ask how they are feeling and make sure the environment is welcoming and comfortable Gentle cleansing. Use gentle movements, starting with the cleanest areas (such as the face), then moving on to the arms, legs, torso and finally the intimate area. Dry the skin well to avoid irritation and pressure sores Beware of risk areas. Pay special attention to areas prone to bedsores, such as the back, hips and heels. When cleaning and bathing, use gentle movements and avoid rubbing these areas. If necessary, use soft towels or cloths and, when drying, do so gently, without pressing on sensitive areas. Use gentle and suitable products. Choose gentle hygiene products without strong fragrances that are easy to rinse off to prevent allergies and irritation. Specific products for sensitive skin are ideal Hand hygiene and materials. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after the process. Use disposable or easy-to-sanitize materials to avoid transmitting germs and keep everyone safe. Do you need to transport a bedridden person? Count on Ambula! If you need to transport a bedridden person to exams, appointments or other trips, Ambula is here to help. With adapted vehicles and trained professionals, Ambula ensures that the person is transported in a dignified manner, without rushing and with the utmost attention to their needs. Count on

Can you imagine the scenario in which the simple task of leaving the house or going to the kitchen becomes a challenge? Reduced mobility can affect any of us, whether due to an accident, a health condition or something as natural as aging. In this article, we’ll explore what it really means to have limited mobility, the obstacles that arise and the solutions to ensure accessibility, without forgetting the fundamental rights that everyone should have in order to live without barriers. What does reduced mobility mean? This condition describes the difficulty or limitation of movement that can arise temporarily or permanently. The affected person may have difficulty walking, standing, sitting or performing daily tasks independently. The causes of this limitation vary and can include anything from chronic illnesses and injuries to ageing or temporary conditions: Older age: aging can lead to a decrease in muscle strength and flexibility, making movements slower and more difficult Chronic diseases: conditions such as arthritis, multiple sclerosis or diabetes can affect the joints, muscles and nerves Injuries and accidents: broken bones, surgery or serious injuries can result in temporary or permanent reduced mobility Pregnancy, toddlers or obesity: many temporary situations can also lead to walking difficulties. It’s important to note that people who suffer from reduced mobility don’t always have obvious problems getting around. A person who has had surgery on their hands, for example, may have difficulty using their hands to perform simple tasks, even though they can walk normally. Rights of people with reduced mobility Access to specialized information. The right to obtain information on rights, benefits and duties from Inclusion Counters, the National Institute for Rehabilitation (INR) or Social Security centers. Priority service. People with a degree of disability equal to or greater than 60% are entitled to priority service in public and private services, except in specific situations Right to complaints and grievances. Possibility of filing complaints in cases of discrimination or lack of accessibility, with the support of responsible officials. The Most Accompanied Person Regime. It allows a person with a disability to be assisted by another person to guarantee the defense of their rights, without conflicts of interest Allocation of support products. Access to products and equipment to compensate for mobility or activity limitations, with simplified financing Support for teaching and training. The right to an inclusive education and adequate support for children and young people with disabilities, guaranteeing active participation in the school community Access to the job market. Specific measures to support disabled people’s access to employment, including quotas and support for integration into the labor market Rights in the workplace. Possibility of requesting adjustments to working hours, adaptations to the workplace and absences for medical treatment without prejudice. Public transport rights. Priority access and reserved seats on public transport, with assistance during boarding, disembarking and travel Independent Living Support Model. Personal assistance for day-to-day activities, such as hygiene, food and travel, with a view to greater autonomy and social inclusion. How to promote accessibility Accessibility is the key to enabling everyone, regardless of their limitations, to live independently and fully. The first step is to ensure that spaces, whether public or private, are adapted to eliminate the physical barriers that hinder mobility. At home Adapting a home for a person with reduced mobility doesn’t have to be a difficult or expensive task. A few simple changes can make all the difference: Large spaces. Make sure furniture doesn’t block the way. Wide doorways and unobstructed corridors are essential, especially for those who use wheelchairs or other mobility devices Adapted bathroom. Installing grab rails in the shower stall or next to the toilet, using non-slip floors and adjusting the height of the sink are all changes that can make the home safer Accessible kitchen. Lower benches or benches without cupboards underneath allow wheelchair users to maneuver easily. On public transport Accessibility in public transport is also essential to ensure that everyone can get out of the house easily and safely. Accessibility laws in Portugal, such as Decree-Law 163/2006, require that buses, trains and subways be prepared to receive people with reduced mobility. This includes: Adapted vehicles. Buses with ramps and seats reserved for wheelchairs Accessible signage. Sound and visual signals at stops and inside transport for people with sensory disabilities Stations and platforms. Ramps, elevators and escalators must be present to facilitate access for anyone. In public and private buildings Law 46/2006 guarantees that public and private buildings, whether new or refurbished, are adapted for accessibility. This includes: Access ramps: to eliminate stairs and allow people with reduced mobility to move around more easily Elevators and wide doors: ensuring that anyone can move freely through the space Adapted toilets: so that everyone can use the space with the same dignity and autonomy. Improving quality of life: some tips Although adapting environments is fundamental to improving the quality of life of people with reduced mobility, taking care of physical and emotional health and well-being as a whole is essential to increasing autonomy and comfort. Here are some practical tips to make everyday life easier and more enjoyable: Practicing adapted physical exercises such as aqua aerobics, pilates or yoga helps to improve muscle strength, flexibility and mobility. Maintaining a healthy and balanced diet is important for general health and prevents diseases that can aggravate mobility limitations Seeking emotional support and taking part in support groups or therapies is an excellent way to deal with the emotional issues related to reduced mobility Investing in assistive technologies can increase independence and help you carry out daily tasks more efficiently Maintaining a regular rest and sleep routine is also very important, as adequate rest contributes to physical and mental recovery Having a social support network, made up of family and friends, gives you the support you need to face your daily challenges more calmly and safely. Partilhar:

Facing a cancer diagnosis brings many challenges, and the difficulties go far beyond the fight against the disease. On a day-to-day basis, there’s also managing travel to treatments, appointments and exams, which can be a huge burden. But we have good news for you. There are rights that make these journeys easier and offer the necessary support so that the focus can be on treatment and well-being. Is transportation to treatment a guaranteed right? Cancer patients are entitled to transportation, particularly in the case of regular treatments or consultations that require frequent travel. To guarantee this support, there are certain conditions and processes that must be followed. Access to non-emergency transport In cases of non-urgent transportation, i.e. when it is not an emergency, cancer patients can access free transportation or transportation with costs reimbursed by the National Health System (SNS), as long as they meet certain requirements. The main criterion is the need for transportation under special conditions, such as ambulance transportation, when the person has difficulty moving (for example, when transportation in a wheelchair or in a bedridden situation is necessary). Conditions for obtaining transportation In order for a cancer patient to enjoy this right, a prescribing doctor must issue a credential proving the need for transportation. This credential will be delivered to the administrative services of the hospital or health center, which will process the request. Transportation can be prescribed for treatments related to the cancer disease or, in some situations, for palliative care. Travel expenses If the patient needs transportation, and is in a difficult economic situation, the SNS can cover the full cost of transportation. If the person has a degree of disability of 60% or more, transportation is fully reimbursed, which means that even in situations of great financial strain, health should never be an obstacle to accessing treatment. This includes transportation in ambulances or vehicles suited to the patient’s needs. The importance of the medical certificate of incapacity In order for the patient to have access to these facilities, they must have a Medical Certificate of Multipurpose Disability . This official document certifies that the person has a degree of disability equal to or greater than 60%, which allows the patient to access exemptions and co-payments in various areas, including transportation to health care. You can obtain this certificate after a clinical assessment and, if approved, it offers a series of benefits, such as exemption from user fees at hospitals and health centers, as well as access to other important rights, such as reimbursement for medicines. How transportation works in the SNS When transported by the NHS, cancer patients can be transported by ambulance or simple patient transport vehicles. The choice of the appropriate means depends on the patient’s clinical situation. For example, if the person is unable to walk or is bedridden, they will be transported by ambulance. It is important to note that this transportation is not limited to a single trip, but can be requested for several appointments or treatments, as necessary. The SNS guarantees that transportation will be provided whenever it is medically necessary, which ensures greater peace of mind for patients and their families. For more information, see the Frequently Asked Questions available on the Health Regulatory Authority website. How do I request transportation? To request this type of transportation, the patient must obtain a medical prescription proving the need for the service – the Multipurpose Certificate mentioned above – with a detailed clinical justification. With the prescription in hand, the user can: Request transportation from the health services in your area Contact entities authorized to provide this service directly (fire departments, Red Cross, associations or specialized companies such as Ambula). In some health units, such as IPO Lisboa, the management and scheduling of transport for non-urgent patients is done centrally by the Transport Center. To take advantage of this service: Patients must make an appointment in advance, directly through the MyIPO Lisboa platform You can also apply by e-mail(centraltransportes@ipolisboa.min-saude.pt), telephone (217 229 800 / 217 200 400) or in person at the hospital. Specialized transport and specific clinical situations In the case of patients who need special care during transportation, such as those who require isolation or medical care during the journey (for example, in cases of chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatment), the SNS ensures the availability of ambulances equipped with the necessary resources. These ambulances are adapted to ensure that transportation is safe and comfortable, and that adequate care is provided for each patient’s specific conditions. Ambula as the ideal solution for transporting non-emergency patients For those who need non-urgent transport, Ambula offers a specialized transport service that provides comfort and safety on every journey. If you are looking for a practical solution adapted to your transportation needs, Ambula is available to guarantee your mobility, always with the care and attention that an oncology patient deserves. The role of support institutions Organizations like the Portuguese League Against Cancer play a very important role in this process by providing additional support to cancer patients, either by offering transport or with other types of financial and social assistance. The LPCC, for example, can help cover the costs of medication, technical aids and transportation, providing crucial support in difficult times. The League also collaborates with hospitals and other health institutions, helping to fill gaps in the system and ensuring that patients have access to the necessary treatment and follow-up. Partilhar:

Getting older is a natural process and, although each stage of life brings new challenges, old age doesn’t have to be synonymous with loneliness or difficulties. Fortunately, in Portugal, there is a vast network of support designed to ensure that the elderly can live with dignity, security and well-being. Whether through financial support, health services or personalized social responses, the aim is to enable all older people to age with quality and maintain independence and an active lifestyle. Find out more about the main support available. Financial support In old age, financial security is an important pillar for a peaceful life. From monthly pensions to extraordinary supplements, Portugal has various forms of support that ensure the elderly can live with dignity, even when their income drops after retirement. Old-age pension: at the age of 66 years and seven months, citizens are entitled to a monthly pension – known as “reforma” – to replace the income lost when they stop working, provided they have at least 15 years of Social Security contributions. Social old-age pension: for those who do not have sufficient deductions, there is financial aid for elderly people on very low incomes Solidarity Supplement for the Elderly (CSI): a monthly support for elderly people on low incomes, which also offers additional health benefits such as discounts on medicines, glasses, dental prostheses and medical consultations. Extraordinary pension supplement: additional financial support granted to pensioners on lower incomes to ease financial burdens and ensure greater economic stability. Dependent spouse supplement: low-income couples, where one of the spouses receives up to 44.61 euros Social support for elderly emigrants in need: elderly Portuguese, aged 65 or over, who live abroad and are in a situation of vulnerability or need, may be entitled to social support, which should be requested at consular posts Extraordinary social support for energy consumers: CSI beneficiaries can ask for a reduction in the price of electricity and natural gas, accumulating this discount with the social tariff. Health support While financial security is important, quality of life in old age also involves health. Those who receive CSI, for example, have access to a range of benefits that help to reduce health costs and thus provide relief from daily expenses.Among the support available are: Expenses with medicines: receives 50% of the part not reimbursed by the state, relieving the cost of prescriptions Purchase of glasses and lenses: 75% co-payment of up to 100 euros every two years, to ensure clearer and more comfortable vision Purchase or repair of removable dentures: the CSI covers 75% of the cost up to 250 euros every three years, helping to take care of oral health Dental voucher: additional support for dental treatment. Reimbursements are made upon presentation of the medical prescription and the respective receipt at the Health Center, and are paid together with the Solidarity Supplement for the Elderly. To claim these benefits, you will need to present a Social Security statement proving your entitlement to CSI when you first apply. Social support Social Security and Private Social Solidarity Institutions (IPSS) have developed a vast network of social support for the elderly. Social centers: promote social and cultural activities that encourage the active participation of the elderly and prevent loneliness, fostering new interpersonal relationships. Day centers: for elderly people aged 65 and over, day centers offer continuous support that stimulates autonomy, self-esteem and postpones the need for permanent institutionalization. Night center: designed for elderly people who live alone and feel insecure at night, they offer overnight care, providing greater security and peace of mind. Vacation and leisure centers: the chance to relax and discover new places is essential for the well-being of the elderly. Vacation centers offer moments of relaxation and group living, ideal for those who have autonomy. Home support service: for elderly people with greater dependency, this service provides support with day-to-day tasks such as hygiene, feeding and domestic care. Residential facilities: offer collective accommodation for the elderly, both temporarily and permanently, with environments adapted to their needs. Family foster care: families prepared to take in elderly people can provide temporary or permanent support. Financial support in Portugal is undoubtedly an important help and, compared to many countries, offers a significant support network. But unfortunately, for many elderly people, they are still not enough to guarantee a life without worries. According to the National Statistics Institute (INE), more than 400,000 elderly people live on a maximum of 551 euros a month, far below the amount needed to ensure a dignified life. Latest measures to support the elderly In recent years, the government has been implementing new measures to support the elderly population. The highlight is the Statute of the Elderly which promotes the active participation of the elderly in society, thus encouraging more dignified and inclusive ageing. A significant increase in the financial contribution for social services for the elderly, such as nursing homes and day care centers, was also approved, with a 3.5% increase in funding. This measure helps to alleviate the effects of inflation and guarantee the continued operation of these essential services. How can I access this support? In order to access any of these benefits, it is important for the elderly or family members to check with Social Security, local authorities or IPSSs in their area. Most of these benefits can be applied for at Social Security offices or Citizen’s Shops, where you can get advice and fill in the necessary forms. Partilhar: